Lease Disclosure Laws & Required Lease Terms by State
A 50-state comparison for residential rentals, with every state verified against official sources — the statutes, the administrative codes, the enrolled acts where the published code runs behind them, the agency forms themselves, and, where a rule comes from the courts, the opinions. It covers what a landlord must tell or give a tenant at or before signing: whether the lease must be written and copied to the tenant, who must be named as owner or agent, which tenant-rights statements and lease terms are prescribed, whether a move-in condition report is required, every state hazard and flood disclosure with its trigger and form, and which lease clauses the state voids. Each row shows its own verified date, and each state links to its own page with every duty's timing, form, threshold, remedy and full citations.
In 35 states a landlord must tell the tenant who owns or manages the property, 15 states prescribe a tenant-rights document or lease text, 14 require a move-in condition report outright or when a deposit is taken, 11 require flood disclosure to renters, and 29 list the lease clauses that are void — but 20 states have no in-force state hazard disclosure beyond the federal lead-paint rule.
Owner identity, required statements, move-in reports, flood, void clauses, and hazard counts
| State | Owner/agent identity | Required statement | Move-in report | Flood disclosure | Void-clause posture | Statutory hazard disclosures | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | None | Statutory list | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Alaska verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | None | Landlord's option; form set by statute | None | Statutory list | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Arizona verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | Notice of where the act can be read | Required | None | Statutory list | 3 | Full law & citations |
| Arkansas verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | Landlord's option; form set by statute | None | General rule only | None in force | Full law & citations |
| California verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in the lease or by posting | Prescribed lease text | None | Yes — flood zone | Statutory list | 7 * | Full law & citations |
| Colorado verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease | Prescribed lease text | None | None | Statutory list | 2 * | Full law & citations |
| Connecticut verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | Prescribed document | Must be offered | None | Statutory list | 2 | Full law & citations |
| Delaware verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or on request | Prescribed document | None | None | Statutory list | 1 * | Full law & citations |
| Florida verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | Yes — flood history | Statutory list | 1 * | Full law & citations |
| Georgia verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | Required if a deposit is taken | Yes — flood history | General rule only | None in force * | Full law & citations |
| Hawaii verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease, in a separate writing, by posting, or on request | None | Required | None | Statutory list | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Idaho verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | None | None | None | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Illinois verified September 11, 2026 | No duty | Prescribed document | None | Yes — zone and history | General rule only | 2 | Full law & citations |
| Indiana verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | Yes — elevation | General rule only | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Iowa verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | None | None | None | Statutory list | 1 * | Full law & citations |
| Kansas verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | None | Required | None | Statutory list | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Kentucky verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | None | Required if a deposit is taken | None | Statutory list | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Louisiana verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | None | None | General rule only | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Maine verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | Model document only; use is optional | None | None | Statutory list | 3 * | Full law & citations |
| Maryland verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in the lease or by posting | Document and lease text | Notice of a statutory right | None | Statutory list | 4 * | Full law & citations |
| Massachusetts verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in the lease, in a separate writing, or by posting | Document and lease text | Required if a deposit is taken | None | Statutory list | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Michigan verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | Prescribed lease text | Required if a deposit is taken | None | Statutory list | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Minnesota verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease, in a separate writing, or by posting | Notice of where the act can be read | Notice of a statutory right | None | General rule only | 1 * | Full law & citations |
| Mississippi verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | None | None | General rule only | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Missouri verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | None | General rule only | 2 | Full law & citations |
| Montana verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | Required if a deposit is taken | None | Statutory list | 2 | Full law & citations |
| Nebraska verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | None | Statutory list | None in force * | Full law & citations |
| Nevada verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing, in the lease, or by posting | Prescribed lease text | Required | None | Statutory list | None in force | Full law & citations |
| New Hampshire verified September 13, 2026 | Registration filing only; nothing owed to the tenant | None | Notice of a statutory right | None | General rule only | 3 | Full law & citations |
| New Jersey verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing or by public registration | Document and lease text | None | Yes — zone and history | General rule only | 3 * | Full law & citations |
| New Mexico verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | None | None | None | General rule only | None in force | Full law & citations |
| New York verified September 11, 2026 | Registration filing only; nothing owed to the tenant | Prescribed lease text | Must be offered | Yes — zone and history | Statutory list | 2 * | Full law & citations |
| North Carolina verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | None | None | General rule only | 1 * | Full law & citations |
| North Dakota verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | Required | None | General rule only | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Ohio verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | None | Statutory list | None in force * | Full law & citations |
| Oklahoma verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | Yes — flood history | Statutory list | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Oregon verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | Yes — flood zone | Statutory list | None in force * | Full law & citations |
| Pennsylvania verified September 13, 2026 | Registration filing only; nothing owed to the tenant | Prescribed lease text | None | None | General rule only | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Rhode Island verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | None | Statutory list | 1 | Full law & citations |
| South Carolina verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | None | Statutory list | None in force * | Full law & citations |
| South Dakota verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | None | None | General rule only | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Tennessee verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | None | None | None | Statutory list | None in force * | Full law & citations |
| Texas verified September 11, 2026 | On the tenant's request only | Prescribed lease text | None | Yes — zone and history | General rule only | None in force | Full law & citations |
| Utah verified September 13, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | None | Required | None | Duties re-allocable by agreement | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Vermont verified September 13, 2026 | Required — by posting | None | None | Yes — flood zone | General rule only | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Virginia verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in a separate writing | Document and lease text | Required | None | Statutory list | 4 * | Full law & citations |
| Washington verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in the lease or by posting | None | Required if a deposit is taken | Enacted; in force January 1, 2027 * | Statutory list | 3 | Full law & citations |
| West Virginia verified September 13, 2026 | No duty | None | None | None | General rule only | 1 | Full law & citations |
| Wisconsin verified September 11, 2026 | Required — in the lease or in a separate writing | Prescribed lease text | Required | None | Statutory list; a listed clause voids the whole lease | 2 * | Full law & citations |
| Wyoming verified September 13, 2026 | None; the agent is deemed the owner unless the lease says otherwise | None | None | None | Duties re-allocable by agreement | None in force * | Full law & citations |
* Conditions apply — see the state's page for the full rule and citations.
Each cell is the state's statutory posture exactly as the cited section states it. A required statement may be an agency form the landlord must attach or words the lease itself must carry; the state page says which, with the form's revision and a link to the agency's own page. The hazard count is the number of separate in-force state duties to disclose, hand over, attach or post a hazard notice as part of renting; duties that fire only on an event during the tenancy, rules that bar renting a contaminated unit instead of requiring disclosure, and registries owed to the state are listed on the state page and are not counted. The federal lead-paint rule applies in every state and is not counted anywhere. Where a city adds its own lease packet, the state page says so; no city rule is carried in these cells.
No figure appears here unless it was verified against official state sources on the date shown — see how we verify.
Federal rules that apply in every state
The federal layer for the lease-disclosures topic, carried once for the whole site. Every row names who it binds: most federal lease attachments bind only a landlord who takes a voucher or holds HUD-assisted or HUD-insured property, and the one rule that binds every landlord (the lead-paint disclosure rule) is a floor that state law may add to. No state record restates these rows; a state record says only where its own law references or extends them. Each row below says who it binds before it says what it requires.
Lead-based paint disclosure for leases of pre-1978 housing
Who it binds: Every landlord of housing built before 1978. Status: In force. Document: Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home (EPA, CPSC and HUD pamphlet) — EPA-747-K-26-001, January 2026; EPA also publishes a supplement for English versions older than January 2026.
Before a tenant is obligated under any lease of housing built before 1978, the lessor must give the tenant an EPA-approved lead hazard information pamphlet, disclose the presence of any known lead-based paint or lead-based paint hazards with the basis, location and condition, and provide any available records or reports, including those covering common areas. Every lease of such housing must include, as an attachment or within the contract and in the language of the contract, a Lead Warning Statement in the words the rule sets out, the lessor's disclosure or a statement of no knowledge, a list of the records provided or a statement that none are available, the tenant's signed statement of receipt, an agent's statement where an agent is involved, and dated signatures. The lessor and any agent keep the completed attachment for at least three years from the start of the lease. Exempt: housing certified lead-free by a certified inspector; leases of 100 days or less where no renewal or extension can occur; renewals where everything was already disclosed and no new information has reached the lessor; and housing for the elderly or persons with disabilities and zero-bedroom dwellings, which fall outside the definition of target housing (the statute and EPA's rule word the under-six-child exception one way and HUD's rule another; the statutory wording governs). The rule imposes no duty to test, and the ten-day inspection period is a purchaser's right only. A knowing violation carries a civil penalty of up to $49,772 per violation assessed by EPA (for penalties assessed on or after January 8, 2025; the $11,000 figure still printed in the rule is superseded) and up to $22,263 per violation assessed by HUD, plus liability to the tenant for three times the damages incurred, with costs and fees; the lease itself remains valid. The current pamphlet edition is January 2026; a landlord holding older English stock may add EPA's supplement. State law may add its own forms, registries and certificates on top of this rule, and every state page says whether it does.
Sources: 42 U.S.C. § 4852d (a)–(c); 40 CFR § 745.101 (a)–(d); 40 CFR § 745.103 target housing; 0-bedroom dwelling; 40 CFR § 745.107 (a); 40 CFR § 745.113 (b), (c)(1); 40 CFR § 745.118 (c)–(f); 40 CFR § 19.4 Table 1, 15 U.S.C. 2615(a)(1) and 42 U.S.C. 4852d(b)(5); 24 CFR § 35.86 target housing; 24 CFR § 35.88 (a); 24 CFR § 35.92 (b), (c)(1); 24 CFR § 30.65 (b); EPA, Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home (January 2026) colophon; EPA, Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home (pamphlet page) ; EPA, Supplement for English Versions Older than January 2026
Flood acknowledgment in leases of HUD-assisted, HUD-acquired and HUD-insured property
Who it binds: Owners of HUD-assisted, HUD-insured or HUD-acquired rental property in a floodplain. Status: In force.
For HUD-assisted, HUD-acquired and HUD-insured rental property within the federal flood risk management standard floodplain, new and renewal leases must include acknowledgments signed by residents that they have been advised the property is in a floodplain and that flood insurance is available for their personal property, and the notification must also give the location of ingress and egress routes relative to the floodplain, available emergency notification resources, and the property's emergency procedures in the event of flooding. The floodplain this rule uses is set by HUD's own standard and is generally wider than the mapped special flood hazard area. The duty has applied since May 23, 2024. It reaches only property that carries HUD assistance, acquisition or insurance; whether it reaches a unit rented to a tenant-based voucher holder is not settled by the rule's text. The lender notice in the National Flood Insurance Act (42 U.S.C. 4104a) is a duty on lending institutions, not on landlords, even though it names lessees.
Sources: 24 CFR § 55.4 (b); 24 CFR § 55.7
Housing Choice Voucher written lease and tenancy addendum
Who it binds: Landlords renting to a Housing Choice Voucher holder. Status: In force. Document: Tenancy Addendum, Section 8 Tenant-Based Assistance, Housing Choice Voucher Program (form HUD-52641-A) — 04/2023 (the form HUD serves today; its printed OMB approval expiration of April 30, 2026 has passed without a new edition).
A landlord who rents to a Housing Choice Voucher holder must enter a written lease executed by the owner and the tenant, using the landlord's standard lease for unassisted tenants where one exists, and must add every provision of the HUD-prescribed tenancy addendum to it word for word; the tenant may enforce the addendum against the owner and its terms prevail over any other provision of the lease. The lease must state the names of the owner and tenant, the unit, the term and any renewal provisions, the monthly rent to owner, and which utilities and appliances the owner supplies and which the family supplies. The public housing agency may decline to approve a tenancy whose lease does not comply with state or local law, and the owner must notify the agency at least sixty days before any change in the rent to owner takes effect. Paragraph 9 of the addendum carries the required description of the protections for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault and stalking.
Sources: 24 CFR § 982.308 (b), (c), (d), (f)(2), (g)(4); Form HUD-52641-A (04/2023) face and ¶ 9
Notice of occupancy rights under the Violence Against Women Act and the certification form
Who it binds: Covered housing providers under the Violence Against Women Act (federally assisted programs). Status: In force. Document: Notice of Occupancy Rights Under the Violence Against Women Act (form HUD-5380) and Certification of Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, or Stalking (form HUD-5382) — OMB approval expires January 31, 2028; neither form carries a month-and-year revision stamp.
A covered housing provider must give each applicant and each tenant HUD's notice of occupancy rights and HUD's certification form no later than the time an applicant is denied, the time a tenant is admitted or provided assistance, and with any notice of eviction or termination of assistance, in multiple languages consistent with HUD guidance. For the Housing Choice Voucher, project-based voucher, public housing and project-based Section 8 programs, the HUD-required lease, lease addendum or tenancy addendum must also describe the specific protections afforded to victims. Which entity is the covered housing provider is program-specific and may differ by duty: for a tenant-based voucher the public housing agency administers admission and the owner is bound through the tenancy addendum, while for project-based programs the owner is the provider. The notice itself tells tenants that the provider must give them language assistance about these protections.
Sources: 24 CFR § 5.2005 (a)(1)–(4); 24 CFR § 5.2003 covered housing provider; Form HUD-5380 face; Form HUD-5382 face
Thirty-day pre-eviction notification as a required lease provision (project-based Section 8)
Who it binds: Owners of project-based Section 8 housing. Status: In force.
The lease for a project-based Section 8 unit must contain a provision or addendum that tenants will receive notification at least 30 days before a formal judicial eviction is filed. HUD published an interim final rule on February 26, 2026 to revoke this requirement, then on March 13, 2026 delayed that rule's effective date indefinitely and stated that the interim rule will be treated as a proposed rule and will never come into effect on its own; no final rule has issued, so the lease-provision duty remains in force. Tenants of covered properties keep the 30-day notice on nonpayment evictions that the federal CARES Act separately requires; each state's lease-termination page says how its courts read that notice.
Sources: 24 CFR § 880.606 (b); 91 FR 12301 (March 13, 2026), indefinite delay of the February 26, 2026 interim final rule DATES; supplementary information
Federal prohibited lease clauses and required addendum (project-based Section 8, part 883 projects)
Who it binds: Owners of project-based Section 8 housing. Status: In force.
For projects under 24 CFR part 883, the lease must contain the addendum the regulation prints (whose provisions prevail over any conflicting lease term) and none of the prohibited provisions the regulation lists: a confession of judgment; a clause letting the landlord seize or hold the tenant's property for rent or other charges; an exculpatory clause; a waiver of legal notice; a waiver of a legal proceeding; a waiver of jury trial; a waiver of the right to appeal a court decision; and a clause making the tenant chargeable with the cost of legal actions regardless of outcome. Part 880 and part 881 projects use the required and prohibited provisions set out in the developer's packet and the approved final proposal. A landlord outside these programs is bound only by the state's own void-clause list, which every state page carries.
Sources: 24 CFR § 880.606 (c)(1)–(2)
Electronic leases and signatures under the federal E-SIGN Act
Who it binds: Anyone who signs or delivers a lease electronically. Status: In force.
A lease or other record relating to a transaction in or affecting interstate commerce may not be denied legal effect, validity or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form or was signed electronically. Where another law requires information to be given to a consumer in writing, an electronic record satisfies that law only if the consumer has affirmatively consented after a clear and conspicuous statement of the right to a paper copy, the right to withdraw consent, the scope of the consent, the withdrawal procedure and the hardware and software needed, with the consent given in a way that reasonably demonstrates the consumer can access the electronic form; the Act does not change the content or timing of any required disclosure. The Act does not apply to a notice of default, acceleration, repossession, foreclosure or eviction, or of the right to cure, under a rental agreement for an individual's primary residence, nor to a notice canceling or terminating utility service. A state's own electronic-transactions act may displace the federal rule; each state page says whether the state adds a landlord-tenant carve-out.
Sources: 15 U.S.C. § 7001 (a), (c); 15 U.S.C. § 7003 (b)(2)(A)–(B)
Fair housing poster (a posting duty, not a lease term)
Who it binds: Everyone who offers a dwelling for rent. Status: In force. Document: Fair housing poster (Equal Housing Opportunity), 11 inches by 14 inches or an equivalent facsimile — Legend prescribed by 24 CFR 110.25 (unchanged since the 1988 amendments).
The Fair Housing Act creates no lease-content or pre-lease disclosure duty; it creates a posting duty. Everyone subject to the Act's sale-and-rental section must post and maintain a fair housing poster, prominently displayed so as to be readily apparent to all persons seeking housing, at any place of business where a dwelling is offered for rental and at the dwelling itself (a single-family dwelling not offered with other dwellings needs the poster only where it is offered through a broker, agent or person in the business of renting dwellings). A failure to display the poster is deemed prima facie evidence of a discriminatory housing practice in a complaint. State and local fair-housing posters with additional protected classes are separate duties.
Sources: 24 CFR § 110.10 (a), (b); 24 CFR § 110.30
Radon, mold, asbestos and methamphetamine: no federal disclosure duty to residential tenants
Who it binds: No one — no such federal duty exists. Status: No federal duty.
No federal statute or regulation requires a residential landlord to disclose radon, mold, asbestos or methamphetamine contamination to a tenant. The federal radon program, EPA's mold guidance and EPA's voluntary methamphetamine remediation guidelines recommend disclosure and do not require it; the asbestos-in-buildings rules reach schools; the only federal references to methamphetamine and tenants are grounds for terminating assistance in HUD programs. Where a state requires any of these disclosures, its state page carries the duty with its form, trigger and penalty.
Sources: 40 CFR part 745, subpart F (the only federal residential-lease disclosure rule)
Every row was read on its publisher's own site on September 13, 2026. How: Every row read on the publisher's own host on September 13, 2026: the electronic Code of Federal Regulations at its current issue (title 24 and title 40 up to date as of September 10, 2026) for 24 CFR 55.4, 55.7, 982.308, 5.2003, 5.2005, 880.606, 35.86, 35.88, 35.92, 30.65, 110.10 and 110.30 and 40 CFR 745.101, 745.103, 745.107, 745.113, 745.118 and 19.4, with each section's credit line read for currency; the United States Code on the House Office of the Law Revision Counsel's site (text current through September 12, 2026) for 42 U.S.C. 4852d and 15 U.S.C. 7001 and 7003; the EPA pamphlet Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home as EPA serves it today, its colophon read (EPA-747-K-26-001, January 2026), and EPA's supplement for older English versions confirmed on EPA's page (last updated July 7, 2026); forms HUD-52641-A, HUD-5380 and HUD-5382 as HUD serves them today, their faces read for the form date and the OMB expiration; the Federal Register's document index searched for every 2026 action on the 30-day notification requirement (the February 26, 2026 interim final rule and the March 13, 2026 indefinite delay are the only two; no final rule has issued). The negative rows rest on the regulatory search recorded at the topic's scoping (September 11, 2026).